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 जगल  jagala  The dense sediment or residue that settles at the bottom during the fermentation process, below the Kadambari layer.

 जगद्विषण्णम्  jagadviṣaṇṇam  A state of universal despair or despondency (as described in the mythos of the Samudra Manthan when poison emerged before the nectar).

 जघनकपालानि  jaghanakapālāni  The hip bones; the innominate bones that form the pelvic girdle.

 जघनम्  jaghanam  1. The buttocks and sacral region. 2. The pelvis (the bony structure). 3. In some contexts, the external genitalia.

 जङ्गमं स्यादधोभागम्  jaṅgamaṁ syādadhobhāgam  (In the context of poison) Animate poisons tend to move downward and affect the lower parts of the body.

 जङ्गमंस्याद् ऊर्ध्वभागं  jaṅgamaṁsyād ūrdhvabhāgaṃ  (A specific viewpoint, as per Gangadhara's commentary) Animate poisons can tend to move upward in the body.

 जङ्गमस्थावर विष योनि  jaṅgamasthāvara viṣa yoni  The two sources of poison: 1. Jangama (animate/mobile - from animals) and 2. Sthavara (inanimate/immobile - from plants, minerals, etc.).

 जङ्घा  jaṅghā  The leg; specifically the region between the knee and the ankle (the shank).

 जङ्घास्थिनी  jaṅghāsthinī  The bones of the leg: the tibia and fibula.

 जठरम्  jaṭharam  The abdomen; the stomach.

 जडता  jaḍatā  Dullness; stupor; lethargy; reduced activity of body, speech, and mind.

 जत्रुमूलम्  jatrumūlam  The suprasternal notch; the depression at the top of the sternum between the clavicles.

 जत्रुसन्धिः  jatrusandhiḥ  The sternoclavicular joint (the joint connecting the sternum to the clavicle).

 जनपद  janapada  A region, country, or community of people living in a specific geographical area.

 जनपदोध्वंस  janapadodhvaṁsa  The devastation of a region/community; an epidemic or pandemic caused by the vitiation of environmental factors (air, water, land, and time).

 जनपदोध्वंसकर भाव  janapadodhvaṁsakara bhāva  The factors responsible for causing an epidemic (janapadodhvaṁsa), namely the vitiation of air (vāyu), water (jala), land (deśa), and time (kāla).

 जपा पुष्पनिभं  japā puṣpanibhaṃ  Having a colour resembling the red Hibiscus flower (Japa pushpa); an ideal characteristic of purified minerals like cinnabar or copper.

 जम्बूपल्लव  jambūpallava  A tender leaf or shoot of the Jambū tree (Black Plum, Syzygium cumini).

 जरण शक्ति  jaraṇa śakti  Digestive capacity; the individual power to digest and metabolize consumed food.

 जरा  jarā  Aging; the natural process of senescence and decay of the body tissues; the stage of life dominated by Vāta Doṣa.

 जरायुज  jarāyuja  Placental mammals; creatures born from a womb and nourished by a placenta.

 जल  jala  1. Water. 2. The water element (Āpas or Jala Mahābhūta), representing the principle of cohesion, fluidity, and liquidity in the universe.

 जल वर्ग  jala varga  The category of substances dominated by the water element, e.g., liquids like milk, juice, water, etc.

 जलगर्भतम  jalagarbhatama  A type of gemological flaw where the stone appears to contain water bubbles or has a cloudy, water-filled appearance.

 जलचर विहंग वसा  jalacara vihaṅga vasā  The fat or adipose tissue of aquatic birds (e.g., ducks, geese).

 जलनिधेर्जनितम्  jalanidherjanitam  Ocean-born; of oceanic origin (a quality ascribed to pearls).

 जलमृतः  jalamṛtaḥ  Death by drowning.

 जलवाहिन्यः सिराः  jalavāhinyaḥ sirāḥ  The lacrimal ducts; the channels that carry tears from the eyes to the nasal cavity.

 जलसंत्रास  jalasaṁtrāsa  Hydrophobia; a pathological fear of water, a classic symptom of rabies.

 जलौका  jalaukā  A leech. Medicinal leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) are used for therapeutic bloodletting (Raktamokṣaṇa).

 जल्पः  jalpaḥ  A type of debate where one argues merely to defend one's own viewpoint and defeat the opponent, without seeking absolute truth.

 जागरणं  jāgaraṇaṃ  Vigil; wakefulness; insomnia.

 जाङ्गम  jāṅgama  Of animal origin; substances obtained from animals (e.g., milk, meat, honey, musk, etc.).

 जाङ्गम विष  jāṅgama viṣa  Poison derived from animate (mobile) sources, such as snakes, scorpions, spiders, insects, and certain animals.

 जाठराग्नि  jāṭharāgni  The central digestive fire located in the stomach and gastrointestinal tract; responsible for the digestion of food.

 जातरसम्  jātarasam  (In pharmaceutical processing) The stage where the drug has developed its full potency and the desired therapeutic properties ("having attained its rasa").

 जानु  jānu  The knee joint.

 जानुकपालिका  jānukapālikā  The patella; the kneecap.

 जानुसन्धिः  jānusandhiḥ  The knee joint.

 जान्वधः सन्धिः  jānvadhaḥ sandhiḥ  The joint below the knee; referring to the proximal tibiofibular joint.

 जारण  jāraṇa  A specific pharmaceutical processing (Saṃskāra) of mercury aimed at enhancing its potency and digestibility without a significant change in its weight.

 जाल  jāla  A network; a plexus (e.g., of veins or nerves).

 जालकावृतम्  jālakāvṛtam  Covered by a net-like or网状 membrane.

 जालधरा सिरा/जालन्धरा  jāladharā sirā / jālandharā  The great saphenous vein.

 जालानि  jālāni  Networks or plexuses (e.g., nerve plexus, venous network).

 जालान्तरगत  jālāntaragata  (Referring to particles) Being fine enough to pass through a mesh or net; indicating a specific, very fine degree of comminution.

 जिज्ञासा  jijñāsā  The desire to know; inquisitiveness; the spirit of inquiry.

 जिह्मं  jihmaṃ  Crooked; tortuous; oblique; not straight.

 जिह्मा दृष्टिः  jihmā dṛṣṭiḥ  Squint; strabismus; distorted vision.

 जिह्माक्षः  jihmākṣaḥ  One who has a squint or a distorted eye.

 जिह्वा  jihvā  The tongue.

 जिह्वाखादनम्  jihvākhādanam  The act of biting one's own tongue.

 जिह्वादंशनं  jihvādaṃśanaṃ  The act of biting one's own tongue.

 जिह्वापसरणं  jihvāpasaraṇaṃ  Protrusion of the tongue; the tongue hanging out.

 जिह्वाप्रबन्ध  jihvāprabandha  The root or base of the tongue; the part attached to the hyoid bone and mandible.

 जिह्वामूलम्  jihvāmūlam  The root or base of the tongue.

 जिह्वाशोफ  jihvāśopha  Swelling of the tongue; glossitis.

 जिह्वासंदंशनं  jihvāsaṃdaṃśanaṃ  The act of biting one's own tongue.

 जिह्वासेवनी  jihvāsevanī  The frenulum of the tongue; the fold of mucous membrane under the tongue.

 जीर्णं अश्नीयात  jīrṇaṁ aśnīyāta  One should eat (the next meal) only after the previous meal has been completely digested.

 जीर्णमद्य  jīrṇamadya  Mature or well-aged alcoholic beverages (considered to have better properties and be less harmful).

 जीर्णावस्था  jīrṇāvasthā  The old age stage of life (after 60 years), characterized by the natural decline of tissues, senses, strength, and dominance of Vāta Doṣa.

 जीवः  jīvaḥ  The individual soul or life force; the spirit that animates the body.

 जीवजीवकाः  jīvajīvakāḥ  The Indian Grey Partridge or a similar small bird, often noted for its call.

 जीवन  jīvana  1. Life, living. 2. The life-giving or vitalizing function (a key function of the blood tissue -Rakta).

 जीवनीय पञ्चमूल  jīvanīya pañcamūla  A group of five revitalizing roots: Jīvaka, Ṛṣabhaka, Medā, Mahāmedā, and Kākolī (as per most classical texts). Note: The list provided in the original entry is a common variation but the classical group is different.

 जीवन्मुक्ति  jīvanmukti  Liberation while still alive; the state of enlightenment where one is free from worldly bonds despite living in the body.

 जीवित धामानि  jīvita dhāmāni  The seats of life; the vital organs (e.g., heart, brain).

 जीवितम्  jīvitam  Life; defined as the combination of the body, senses, mind, and soul.

 जीवितायतनानि  jīvitāyatanāni  The abodes or vital points of life; the vital organs.

 जृम्भा  jṛmbhā  Yawning.

 जेन्ताक  jentāka  A sudation chamber; a small room or chamber used for giving sudation therapy (Svedana).

 ज्ञः  jñaḥ  The knower; the conscious soul or self (Ātman).

 ज्ञान  jñāna  Knowledge; cognition; understanding.

 ज्ञानप्रणाशः  jñānapraṇāśaḥ  Loss of consciousness or knowledge.

 ज्ञानेन्द्रिय  jñānendriya  The organs of perception; the five sensory faculties: ear (sound), skin (touch), eye (sight), tongue (taste), and nose (smell).

 ज्वरहर  jvarahara  Anti-pyretic; that which alleviates fever.

 ज्वलनार्कसमप्रभाः  jvalanārkasamaprabhāḥ  Having a radiance or glow similar to that of fire (Jvalana) and the sun (Arka).

 ज्वलन्ति इव  jvalanti iva  A sensation as if burning; a burning feeling.

 ज्वाला  jvālā  A flame.