ग

गंगाम्बुसम्भुतं (gaṁgāmbusambhutaṁ)

: A substance that originates from or is found in the water of the Ganges river. This often implies a high degree of purity and sacredness.

गगन (gagana)

: A classical synonym for Abhraka (Mica).

गजदन्त (gajadanta)

: Ivory; the tusk of an elephant. Used in various classical preparations after purification.

गण्डः (gaṇḍaḥ)

: 1. The cheek. 2. The zygomatic (cheekbone) region. 3. A swelling or glandular enlargement in general.

गण्डकः (gaṇḍakaḥ)

: The groin; the crease or depression between the thigh and the trunk.

गण्डूपदमुखसदृश करीर (gaṇḍūpadamukhasadṛśa karīra)

: A sprout or projection that resembles the mouth of an earthworm (often used to describe a specific type of ulcer or growth).

गण्डूष (gaṇḍūṣa)

: Oil gargling or holding therapy; a procedure where the mouth is filled with a liquid (oil, decoction, etc.) and held for a period of time without gargling or moving it.

गतरसम् (gatarasam)

: A substance that has been completely exhausted of its active principles or juice (rasa) through processing (e.g., after decoction or extraction).

गतायु (gatāyu)

: A patient who is terminally ill or at the point of death; a moribund patient.

गति (gati)

: Movement, motion, gait, or course (of a disease).

गतिक्षय (gatikṣaya)

: Loss of motor function; inability to move or walk.

गतिनिवारण आहार (gatinivāraṇa āhāra)

: Dysphagia; difficulty in swallowing food.

गतिसंग (gatisaṁga)

: Obstruction to movement; restricted or stuck movement of body parts or bodily substances (like Vata).

गद्गदः (gadgadaḥ)

: A speech disorder characterized by stammering or stuttering; often associated with emotional overwhelm or neurological issues.

गन्ध (gandha)

: 1. Smell, odor. 2. One of the five Panchamahabhutas (element of smell, related to Prithvi). 3. A quality perceived by the nose.

गन्ध अज्ञानं (gandha ajñānaṁ) | गन्ध विज्ञानहरं (gandha vijñānaharaṁ)

: Anosmia; loss of the sense of smell.

गन्ध इच्छा (gandha icchā)

: Desire or craving for pleasant fragrances.

गन्ध रहितं पुरीषं (gandha rahitaṁ purīṣaṁ)

: Stool that is odorless.

गन्धकं (gandhakaṁ)

: Sulfur. A mineral used extensively in Rasashastra for various processes, especially in conjunction with mercury.

गन्धवहे धमन्यौ (gandhavahe dhamanyau)

: The olfactory nerves or the sensory pathways responsible for carrying the sense of smell.

गमन (gamana)

: The act of moving, walking, or changing place.

गमनारम्भे कम्प (gamanārambhe kampa)

: Tremors or shaking when initiating walking (a common symptom of Vata imbalance or neurological disorders).

गमने अनीशता (gamane anīśatā)

: Inability to control one's movement; loss of control over walking.

गम्भीर (gambhīra)

: 1. Deep-seated, profound (e.g., a disease). 2. A serious or solemn disposition. 3. Deep-rooted (e.g., hair follicles).

गम्भीर रोम (gambhīra roma)

: Hair that has deep roots.

गरमणि (garamaṇi)

: Gems or precious stones that are believed to have anti-toxic properties and can counteract poison.

गरसंज्ञम् (garasaṁjñam) | गरसंयोगजं (garasaṁyogajaṁ)

: Artificial or compounded poison; a toxic substance created by the synergistic combination of two or more substances (which may be non-poisonous individually). Similar to the modern concept of adverse drug interactions or compounded toxicity.

गर्भकोष (garbhakoṣa) | गर्भकोष्ठः (garbhakoṣṭhaḥ) | गर्भशय्या (garbhaśayyā) | गर्भाशयः (garbhāśayaḥ)

: The uterus; the womb.

गर्भच्छिद्रं (garbhacchidraṁ)

: The os (opening) of the uterus; the cervical os.

गर्भद्रुति (garbhadruti)

: A specific alchemical (Rasashastra) process where a metal or mineral is made to "melt" or amalgamate within mercury.

गर्भनाभिनाडी (garbhanābhināḍī)

: The umbilical cord.

गर्भापत्ति (garbhāpatti) | गर्भोत्पाद (garbhotpāda)

: Conception; fertilization; the beginning of pregnancy.

गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī) | गृहीत गर्भा (gṛhīta garbhā)

: A pregnant woman.

गलः (galaḥ)

: The throat; the pharyngeal region.

गलग्रहम् (galagraham)

: Spasm or constriction in the throat; could refer to conditions like laryngospasm or tetanus.

गलज्जलघटीध्वनि (galajjalaghaṭīdhvani)

: An abnormal gurgling sound in the throat, resembling water shaking in a pot (a sign of fluid accumulation).

गलनं (galanaṁ)

: 1. Cracking or fissuring of the skin. 2. Melting or dissolving.

गलनलकम् (galanalakam)

: The larynx (voice box) or the upper part of the trachea (windpipe).

गलबाह्यम् (galabāhyam)

: The external part or front of the neck.

गलमणि (galamaṇi) | गलशुण्डिका (galaśuṇḍikā)

: The uvula.

गलमार्ग (galamārga)

: The passage of the throat; the pharynx and esophagus.

गलसन्धिः (galasandhiḥ)

: The isthmus of the fauces; the opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx.

गलित्वा (galitvā)

: Having been melted, dissolved, or liquefied.

गल्लः (gallaḥ)

: The cheek or the zygomatic region.

गवीनी (gavīnī)

: The ureter (the tube carrying urine from the kidney to the bladder).

गांग जल (gāṁga jala)

: Water from the Ganges river, traditionally considered pure, sacred, and possessing therapeutic properties.

गाढ विट्कता (gāḍha viṭkatā) | गाढं पुरीषं (gāḍhaṁ purīṣaṁ)

: Constipation; hard, dry stools.

गाढमुष्टि (gāḍhamuṣṭi)

: A clenched or tightly closed fist.

गात्रः (gātraḥ)

: The body; a limb or body part.

गात्रपञ्चकम् (gātrapañcakam)

: The five major parts of the body: head, two arms, and two legs.

गात्राणां सदनं (gātrāṇāṁ sadanaṁ)

: Heaviness, exhaustion, or lassitude in the body or limbs.

गान्धर्वचित्त (gāndharvacitta)

: A state of mind that is fond of, or inclined towards, music and the arts.

गीत इच्छा (gīta icchā)

: A desire to sing.

गीत करणं अस्थाने (gīta karaṇaṁ asthāne) | गीतप्रवृत्ति अस्थाने (gītapravṛtti asthāne)

: Inappropriate or involuntary singing at an improper time or place (a potential symptom of a mental imbalance).

गुंजा (guṁjā)

: 1. The seed of the Gunja plant (*Abrus precatorius*). 2. A standard unit of weight in Ayurveda (Ratti), approximately equal to 125 mg.

गुंजाफलसदृशं रक्तं (guṁjāphalasadṛśaṁ raktaṁ) | गुंजाबीज समच्छायं (guṁjābīja samacchāyaṁ)

: Blood or a substance that is red in color, resembling the seed of the Gunja (Abrus) plant.

गुटि (guṭi)

: A pill; a solid dosage form prepared by rolling processed herbs, minerals, or animal products into a spherical shape using natural binders.

गुड़ इच्छा (guṛa icchā)

: A craving or desire for jaggery (unrefined sugar).

गुड़गुड़ायन (guṛaguṛāyana)

: A gurgling sound; often refers to the sound produced by movement of fluid or gas in the abdomen or chest.

गुड़शुक्त (guṛaśukta)

: A fermented medicinal preparation made from jaggery and water, which becomes sour (acidic) upon fermentation.

गुण (guṇa)

: 1. An inherent property or attribute of a substance (e.g., heavy, light, sharp, dull). 2. The three fundamental operating principles of nature (Sattva, Rajas, Tamas).

गुणसञ्चयम् (guṇasañcayam)

: The process where the therapeutic properties of multiple ingredients accumulate or get infused into a base substance (like ghee or oil) during preparation.

गुणान्तराधानम् (guṇāntarādhānam)

: The transformation or imparting of a new property to a substance through pharmaceutical processing (e.g., making a heavy metal light through incineration).

गुण्ठनं (guṇṭhanaṁ)

: The act of covering or hiding the head (e.g., with a cloth), often done during therapies to prevent draught.

गुदः (gudaḥ)

: The anus and rectum.

गुद अधिमांस (guda adhimāṁsa) | गुद कील (guda kīla) | गुदङ्कुरः (gudaṅkuraḥ) | गुदमांसकील (gudamāṁsakīla) | गुदमांसाङ्कुर (gudamāṁsāṅkura) | गुदशोफ (gudaśopha)

: Hemorrhoids; piles.

गुद भ्रंश (guda bhraṁśa) | गुदनिस्सरणं (gudanissaraṇaṁ)

: Prolapse of the rectum.

गुदपार्श्वक्षेत्र (gudapārśvakṣetra)

: The ischiorectal fossa (the space on either side of the anus).

गुदात् रक्तं (gudāt raktaṁ)

: Bleeding per rectum; rectal bleeding.

गुदास्थिविवर (gudāsthivivara)

: The pelvic outlet.

गुदोपस्थ देशः (gudopastha deśaḥ)

: The perineum (the region between the anus and the genitals).

गुरू (gurū)

: 1. The property of "heaviness". 2. A substance that is heavy to digest. 3. A teacher or preceptor. 4. The herb Kapikacchu (*Mucuna pruriens*).

गुरूत्व (gurūtva)

: Heaviness; the quality of being heavy (both physically and in terms of digestibility).

गुर्वादि गुण (gurvādi guṇa)

: The group of 20 fundamental physical/pharmacological properties (e.g., heavy, light, cold, hot, etc.) used to describe substances in Ayurveda.

गुल्फः (gulphaḥ) | गुल्फसन्धिः (gulphasandhiḥ)

: The ankle joint.

गुल्फकर्णौ/गुल्फौ (gulphakarṇau/ gulphau)

: The malleoli (the bony prominences on either side of the ankle).

गुल्म (gulma)

: 1. A shrub (a type of plant). 2. A specific disorder characterized by abdominal lumps or tumors, often related to vitiated Vata.

गूढ उच्छ्रास (gūḍha ucchrāsa)

: Suppressed or shallow expiration; difficulty in exhaling fully.

गूढसम्पादितं (gūḍhasampāditaṁ)

: (In toxicology) Bite marks that are hidden or obscured due to swelling of the surrounding tissue.

गृध्रगन्ध (gṛdhragandha)

: A foul odor resembling that of a vulture.

गृध्रसी (gṛdhrasī)

: Sciatica; pain along the course of the sciatic nerve.

गृध्रिः (gṛdhriḥ)

: Greed; excessive desire or craving.

गृध्रिहानि (gṛdhrihāni)

: Loss of appetite; diminished desire to eat.

गृहगोधिका (gṛhagodhikā)

: A house lizard (gecko).

गृहधूमवर्णं (gṛhadhūmavarṇaṁ) | गृहधूमाभं (gṛhadhūmābhaṁ)

: A smoky grey or soot-like color.

गृहीत गर्भा (gṛhīta garbhā)

: A woman who has conceived; a pregnant woman.

गैरिकप्रतीकाशं (gairikapratīkāśaṁ) | गैरिकोदक पाण्डु (gairikodaka pāṇḍu)

: A pale red or reddish-yellow discoloration, resembling the color of red ochre (Gairika) or its watery solution.

गोक्रमण (gokramaṇa)

: The process of allowing cows to graze over a piece of land to purify it naturally through their dung and urine, which have antimicrobial properties.

गोजिह्विका / गोजिह्वा (gojihvikā / gojihvā)

: The uvula (named for its resemblance to a cow's tongue).

गोणि (goṇi)

: A unit of measurement, synonymous with Droni (~49.152 kg/l).

गोधूमपिष्ट (godhūmapiṣṭa)

: Wheat flour dough. Used in pharmacy to create a sealing cover for preparing Putapaka Rasayana, and in therapies to form a retaining wall for treatments like Shirodhara and Kati Basti.

गोपुच्छाकृति (gopucchākṛti)

: Having a shape resembling a cow's tail (e.g., a specific type of elongated swelling).

गोमयवह्नि (gomayavahni)

: A fire fueled by dried cow dung cakes. Used in pharmaceutical processes for controlled, gentle heat.

गोमायु (gomāyu)

: A jackal.

गोमूत्रगंधी (gomūtragaṁdhī) | गोमूत्रसमगन्ध (gomūtrasamagandha)

: Having an odor similar to cow's urine (a characteristic used to identify certain types of Shilajit).

गोमूत्राभं (gomūtrābhaṁ) | गोमूत्राभं पीतरक्तं (gomūtrābhaṁ pītaraktaṁ)

: A yellowish-red color, resembling cow's urine.

गोमेदकोपमं मूत्रं (gomedakopamaṁ mūtraṁ) | गोमेदप्रतिकाशं (gomedapratikāśaṁ)

: Urine that is the color of a honey-yellow topaz (Gomedaka gemstone).

गोरसवर्ग (gorasavarga)

: The group of eight essential milk and milk products derived from the cow: milk, curd, buttermilk, butter, ghee, whey, cream, and condensed milk.

गौर (gaura)

: White, fair, or light-complexioned.

गौरचामरगौरदर्शनं (gauracāmaragauradarśanaṁ)

: A visual disorder where objects appear white, resembling the white tail of the Chamari deer (a type of photopsia).

गौरव (gaurava)

: 1. The subjective feeling of heaviness in the body. 2. Respect.

गौरवर्ण (gauravarṇa)

: A white or fair complexion.

गौर्यः सिराः (gauryaḥ sirāḥ)

: The lymphatic vessels (literally "the white channels").

ग्रथितं (grathitaṁ) | ग्रथितत्वं (grathitatvaṁ)

: Knotted, nodular, hard, or indurated.

ग्रन्थि (granthi)

: 1. A knot. 2. A gland. 3. A cyst, nodule, or tumor.

ग्रन्थिप्रकाशं (granthiprakāśaṁ) | ग्रन्थिभूतं (granthibhūtaṁ) | ग्रन्थिलम् (granthilam)

: Having a nodular appearance; appearing knotted or glandular.

ग्रह (graha)

: 1. Seizing, grasping, catching. 2. Stiffness, rigidity, retention. 3. A type of psychological/psychiatric disorder (Graha Roga).

ग्रहणी (grahaṇī)

: 1. The duodenum (the part of the small intestine that "holds" or receives content from the stomach). 2. The digestive system as a whole, particularly its absorptive function.

ग्राम्यधर्मः (grāmyadharmaḥ)

: Sexual intercourse.

ग्रास (grāsa)

: 1. In Rasashastra, a specific quantity of a material that mercury is processed with to "digest" it. 2. A morsel of food. 3. A type of eye disease.

ग्रासन्तर (grāsantara)

: A method of administering medicine by placing it between morsels of food to mask its taste.

ग्राही (grāhī)

: A substance that has absorbent, constipating, and digestive stimulant properties (e.g., Kutaja, Bilva).

ग्रीवा (grīvā)

: The neck.

ग्रीवाधः सन्धिः (grīvādhaḥ sandhiḥ)

: The sternoclavicular joint (the joint between the breastbone and the collar bone).

ग्रीवामूलम् (grīvāmūlam)

: The suprasternal notch (the dip at the base of the front of the neck).

ग्लपनं (glapanaṁ) | ग्लानि (glāni) | ग्लापयति (glāpayati)

: Fatigue; exhaustion; lassitude (both physical and mental); that which causes weariness.